Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic health condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. It occurs when the body either doesn't produce enough insulin (a hormone that regulates blood sugar) or when the cells do not respond effectively to insulin. There are primarily two types of diabetes.

Diabetes is a serious condition that requires lifelong management and monitoring. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can significantly reduce the risk of complications and improve quality of life for those affected.

Complications: Short-term complications:- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). Long-term complications: Cardiovascular disease, nerve damage (neuropathy), kidney damage (nephropathy), eye damage (retinopathy), foot damage (ulcers, infections), skin conditions, hearing impairment, and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease.Complications:
Short-term complications:- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). Long-term complications: Cardiovascular disease, nerve damage (neuropathy), kidney damage (nephropathy), eye damage (retinopathy), foot damage (ulcers, infections), skin conditions, hearing impairment, and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Type 1 diabetes:- This type results from an autoimmune reaction where the body's immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. People with type 1 diabetes require daily insulin injections or use of an insulin pump to manage their blood sugar levels.

Type 2 diabetes:- This is the more common type and usually develops over time. It occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or when the pancreas can't produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood sugar levels. Type 2 diabetes is often linked to lifestyle factors such as obesity, lack of physical activity, and poor diet, though genetics also play a role.

Symptoms:-

Symptoms of type 1 and type 2 diabetes are:

• Symptoms of diabetes:- may include increased thirst, frequent urination, extreme hunger, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, irritability, blurred vision, slow-healing wounds, and frequent infections.
• Complications:- of diabetes can be severe if not properly managed and may include cardiovascular disease, nerve damage (neuropathy), kidney damage (nephropathy), eye damage (retinopathy), foot damage, skin conditions, hearing impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.
• Management of diabetes:- typically involves monitoring blood sugar levels regularly, adopting a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, taking medications or insulin as prescribed, and managing other risk factors such as high blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
• Prevention strategies:- for type 2 diabetes include maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular physical activity, and eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains while limiting intake of processed foods and sugary beverages.